The Bonn Climate Conference (SB64) began this week in Bonn, Germany, with a host of issues on the table for the negotiators.

Negotiators will discuss ways in which the Belem Action Mechanism can build on existing initiatives and institutions. At the same time, they will attempt to address practical barriers for equitable transitions in vulnerable countries.

At last year’s COP30 in Brazil, Parties agreed to launch a new work programme on climate finance. The work programme will meet for the first time at SB64 to discuss Article 9 of the Paris Agreement.

At COP30, Parties agreed on 59 GGA indicators. SB64 is expected to refine these indicators. Parties will aim to translate political goals into concrete technical outcomes.

These measures include the European Union’s contentious Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Developing countries oppose the transfer of costs and burdens to them by developed nations. They want Bonn to recognise and address these structural inequities, barriers, and costs of climate action.

The road to COP31 is firmly on course, after the incoming presidency launched its Global Action Agenda. The outcomes of Bonn will determine how the world responds to the climate crisis.